The Association between Alcohol Consumption and β-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Korean Population

초록

This cross-sectional study was performed to examine the association between alcohol consumption and insulin secretion and sensitivity using the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Alcohol consumption levels were categorized into four groups: (i) abstainers, (ii) low (<5 g/day), (iii) intermediate (<30 g/day), and (iv) high (>= 30 g/day) alcohol consumption. beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity were estimated using the insulinogenic index (IGI(60)), and Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI), respectively. IGI(60) and ISI were dichotomized into high and low groups using median cut-off values and four groups were defined (G-I: high IGI(60)/high ISI; G-II: high IGI(60)/low ISI; G-III: low IGI(60)/high ISI; and G-IV: low IGI(60)/low ISI). Men consumed 26.5 g alcohol per day on average, whereas women only consumed 5.7 g/day, so women were excluded from subsequent analyses due to their low drinking levels. Alcohol consumption was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and triglycerides (TG) in men, but was negatively associated with IGI(60) (p < 0.05). TG levels were only increased in individuals with decreased insulin sensitivity (G-II) or decreased beta-cell function (G-III) with high alcohol consumption. In addition, alcohol consumption increased HDL cholesterol in the four groups (p < 0.001). In subjects with decreased insulin sensitivity (G-II), intermediate and high alcohol consumption increased the risk of high cholesterol and TG. In individuals with decreased beta-cell function (G-III), alcohol consumption increased the risk of high TG and high AST levels. High alcohol consumption was significantly associated with reduced insulin secretion. In addition, alcohol consumption was related to some metabolic risk factors depending on insulin secretion or sensitivity.

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